In certain circumstances, some works may be used if that use is considered to be ‘fair dealing’. There is no strict definition of what this means but it has been interpreted by the courts on a number of occasions by looking at the economic impact on the copyright owner of the use. Where the economic impact is not significant, the use may count as fair dealing.

So, it may be within the scope of ‘fair dealing’ to make single photocopies of short extracts of a copyright work for non-commercial research or private study, criticism or review, or reporting current events.

You are allowed to make single copies or take short extracts of works when the use is for research that you do not make any money from or for private study, for educational courses or even for use in connection with a hobby.

Limited use or fair dealing is only permitted for non-commercial research and private study when using literary (written), dramatic (theatrical), musical, artistic work (art, photographs etc) or the layout of a publication (the font size, font style, and so on).

The purpose of this exception is to provide students and non-commercial researchers more access to copyright works. In assessing whether your use of the work is permitted or not you must assess if there is any financial impact on the copyright owner because of your use. Where the impact is not significant, the use may be acceptable.

If your use is for non-commercial research and/or private study you must ensure that the work you reproduce is supported by a sufficient acknowledgment.

Thanks @jezc